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28.09.2023
Robots are working. What is a neural network and how does it work?
Content:
A neural network is a computer system that works almost identically to the human brain. The only difference is that the neurons (cells that transmit information throughout the nervous system) in it are artificial. A neural network can teach others, learn itself, and adapt to new tasks, all it needs is the information it has learned before.
You could say that it works on the principle of human maturation. Remember, when you were little, your parents taught you to walk, talk, and then, on the basis of the previously acquired knowledge, you began to develop your own knowledge, and now you are already reading, dancing, singing. It seems that the neural network is so smart that it's about to take over the world! But no. It is not yet known whether it is good or bad, but it cannot yet fully replace the human brain. Plus, the neural network hasn't learned how to create itself yet.
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Neural network operation
First, the data is loaded into the program. Artificial neurons, which contain a special formula, transmit them from one layer to another and provide signals, similar to a synapse (a point of contact between two neurons) in the human brain.
Understanding the principle of neural network operation is not so easy. This is real math.
Each synapse has a certain numerical coefficient, it reflects the importance of the neuron's result to the overall result. If the neural network is poorly trained, the weight is distributed randomly. In the opposite case, when the result is correct, the weight and significance becomes greater. A neural network has many layers, the more layers there are, the smarter the program is. The most common network consists of three layers.
Let's tell you in simple terms how it works. Suppose you need to prepare an essay on the topic: "The animal world of Africa". At the input layer, the neural network will receive the data. You will upload several similar works from the Internet to the program. Artificial neurons will analyze the data and send it to the next - hidden layer. This is where the neural network will do the most important work: processing the information and turning it into sets of numbers. This will help the program identify the meanings. The third - the output layer - will generate a new text for you, which is safe from any anti-plagiarism checks.
neural network structure
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Where are neural networks being applied?
Neural networks make life easier for people in different professions:
1. Medicine
In medicine, neural networks are used primarily to relieve the doctor's workload, to help him diagnose and treat the patient as quickly as possible. For example, computer vision technology has been developed to perform diagnostics.
The way it works is that the doctor uploads the patients' medical studies into the system, and they are lined up according to the disease. If the system detects neoplasms, thanks to the neural network, the doctor will see this result first and start treatment as soon as possible. And in the study image itself, the system will highlight with a marker the areas you need to pay attention to.
Another interesting example is the development of the University of Michigan. Here they have created such a smart neural network that with its help it is possible to determine a person's height with an accuracy of several centimeters, and most importantly - to predict whether a person may get cancer in the future, whether he is threatened with a stroke or a heart attack. In addition to this, neural networks help to create medicines, fill out medical documents. At the same time, doctors are sure that no matter how fast artificial intelligence develops, it is impossible to do without live doctors.
2. Education
Neural networks have reached the education sector as well. We all know that working in schools and universities is not limited to delivering lessons. Educators have a lot of boring and monotonous things to do. They have to make syllabi, check notebooks and come up with assignments for test papers.
And that's where computer technology comes to the rescue, which can handle all of this instead of a human. The famous ChatGPT can easily check test papers, prepare presentations, study materials, make graphs, charts. The teacher will only have to enter the raw data and they are free to go.
3. Financial organizations
Banks and other financial organizations very soon, will not be able to work without neural networks. Based on the information received about customers, neural networks can determine who can be approved for a mortgage, and who on the contrary - it is strictly forbidden to make loans. Neural networks can analyze large amounts of information, look for patterns, and predict stock prices and currencies.
AI in banking has accelerated access to products for many customers and automated some steps in internal processes, which has also impacted the speed of service.
4. Agriculture
Neural networks are used in agriculture. And the field of application is wide. They know how to manage crops, harvesting, farm machinery, monitor harvesting, soil conditions, and predict the effect of weather on yields.
One of the domestic companies - Cognitive Pilot has developed a system through which tractors, combines can move due to the work of artificial intelligence. With the help of a neural network, the Cognitive Agro Pilot system determines the trajectories of machinery movement and transmits commands to perform some maneuvers.
5. Marketing
Neural networks are actively used in marketing. They can recognize objects in drawings, generate images. And in addition, a neural network literally in a few minutes can write original text, posts for social networks, help improve advertising and study the target audience.
Useful neural networks for marketers:
ChatGPT is a service in Russian with popular neural networks. Writes texts, code and draws pictures. Works without a VPN or number.
DALL-E 2 is an AI system that can create realistic images and artworks based on natural language descriptions.
You.com is a personal assistant specializing in writing. Designed to support you in developing your most ambitious ideas and inspire you to new creative achievements, YouBot offers its historical storytelling services and is ready to accompany and guide you on the path of developing your writing talent.
Copy Monkey - helps you create text for your website, blog, social media and online stores in a few clicks.
6. Robotics
The application of neural networks is also possible in robotics. They can control the robots' actions, help them adapt to new conditions, help them understand what's going on around them so they can make the right decision. Thanks to neuronics, robots are able to understand human speech and follow human commands. Also, with neural networks, robots can learn from their own mistakes.
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Neural network tasks
Let's understand what types of tasks neural networks are capable of performing:
Very soon the labor market will change. Many specialists will not be needed, and neurons will take their place.
Classification - using similar features, the neural network combines objects into groups. For example, from a large number of geometric figures, according to the task at hand, she will choose only triangles.
Generation - performing this task is important for those who work with text, video, audio files. Neural networks can create unique content, you only need inputs, unique words and phrases.
Forecasting - based on a range of values helps to predict, for example, sales. For businessmen it is a good help because this way they can plan their production, set prices, manage inventory. In order to get results, the neural network analyzes historical sales data, paying attention to stocks, trends, and season. An accurate forecast helps businesses increase their profits.
Clustering - it can be used to divide many objects into small groups. The difference with classification is that the set of categories is not immediately given, but is determined as the neural network learns. Example of a task: categorizing customers into groups by financial status or some other criteria.
Regression - with the help of given information based on analysis helps to make qualitative predictions. Thus, you can determine the value of property, find out how the dollar rate may change, and determine the possible performance of schoolchildren in the next quarter.
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Summarizing
Not so long ago, we thought neural networks were science fiction. We didn't believe that computer systems could drive cars, write texts, make diagnoses - all with almost no human input. Every day this technology is evolving and getting smarter.
Many areas of business are becoming automated and this helps firms save time, money, and expand production. Many people worry that professionals will become redundant and out of work. But one should not despair, because people have new opportunities for development.
On job sites, employers are actively seeking neural network training editors, neural network experts, and robot customization and maintenance specialists. Knowing how to work with neural networks means braving the future.
Mastering these complex mathematical models will help the CODDY programming school for kids. More than 40,000 children have learned promising skills and built personal portfolios. Choose an interesting course and open new possibilities in the field of neural networks for your child
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